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borrowed_scenery [2012-02-28 08:01] – theunkarelseborrowed_scenery [2021-09-01 09:55] (current) – [jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery"] nik
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 ==== borrowed scenery - 借景 ====  ==== borrowed scenery - 借景 ==== 
  
-via: wikipedia & various sources (cf. [[wp>Borrowed_scenery]])+via: wikipedia & various sources (cf. [[wp>Borrowed_scenery]]). see also [[parn:garginz]] and http://fo.am/borrowed-scenery
  
 Shakkei (借景 C:jie jing, J:shakkei) was originally codified in the oldest extant Japanese garden manual, the Sakuteiki (作庭記, Sakuteiki "Records of Garden Making"). This text, which is attributed to Tachibana Toshitsuna (橘俊綱, 1028-1094 CE), a son of the Byodoin's designer Fujiwara no Yorimichi (藤原頼通, 990-1074 CE), records the Heian period’s attention to a concept called "mono no aware" (物の哀れ) "the pathos of things".  Shakkei (借景 C:jie jing, J:shakkei) was originally codified in the oldest extant Japanese garden manual, the Sakuteiki (作庭記, Sakuteiki "Records of Garden Making"). This text, which is attributed to Tachibana Toshitsuna (橘俊綱, 1028-1094 CE), a son of the Byodoin's designer Fujiwara no Yorimichi (藤原頼通, 990-1074 CE), records the Heian period’s attention to a concept called "mono no aware" (物の哀れ) "the pathos of things". 
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 The Chinese counterpart of shakkei (借景) is jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery". According to the 1635 CE Chinese garden manual Yuanye (園冶), there are four categories of "borrowing", The Chinese counterpart of shakkei (借景) is jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery". According to the 1635 CE Chinese garden manual Yuanye (園冶), there are four categories of "borrowing",
-  * yuanjie (遠借 "distant borrowing", e.g., mountains, lakes) +  * 遠借 "distant borrowing", enshaku (jp) yuanjie (zh). e.g., mountains, lakes.  
-  * linjie (隣借 "adjacent borrowing", neighboring buildings and features) +  * 隣借 "adjacent borrowing", rinshaku (jp) linjie (zh). neighboring buildings and features.  
-  * yangjie (仰借 "upward borrowing", clouds, stars) +  * 仰借 "upward borrowing", gyōshaku (jp) yangjie (zh). clouds, stars.  
-  * fujie (俯借 "downward borrowing", rocks, ponds); respectively Japanese enshaku, rinshaku, gyōshaku, and fushaku.+  * 俯借 "downward borrowing", fushaku (jp) fujie (zh). rocks, ponds. 
  
 ====Best known (still existing) shakkei gardens in Japan==== ====Best known (still existing) shakkei gardens in Japan====
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-see also readingnotes: [[Archaeology of Natural Places]]+------- 
 + 
 +for related thoughts in European context: see the [[reading notes]] for [[Archaeology of Natural Places]]
  
  
 [[project_groworld]] [[project_groworld]]
  

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